The Impact of the European Union on British Employment Relations Essay

The Impact of the European Union on British Employment Relations - Essay Example The paper tells that the subject of employment relationship has been established with the help of an interdisciplinary method through conceptions and ideas that have been determined from sociology, psychology, and history. Employee relations can be of an individual dimension which is based upon the belief of every employee or can be of the collective dimension that is based upon the relationship between the management of an organization and the trade unions. Employment relationship in Britain has had a significant impact on the European Union. It has been observed that there is a long history regarding Britain’s employment relations that is considerably affected by the European Union (EU). Britain has witnessed a reduction in the trade unions. For instance, in the year 1979, there were 475 trade unions which reduced to 221 in the year 2000 and in the year 2001 the number of trade unions reduced to 206. These figures reveal that there has been a significant reduction of trade u nions in the recent years. The EU has led to an influential change in the labor law of Britain in relation to socio-economic, socio-demographic and managerial changes. Emphasis has been given to the quality of work amid the unions and the employers due to which there has been a decline in the quality of labor. There has been a rise in problems relating to the work-life balance due to which the EU directives have taken the initiative to improve this balance through egalitarianism, physical well-being, security and social dialogue. Employers have revealed that there has been an upsurge in the level of stress for the employees due to the increase in the qualitative requirements of the product and high competition. The EU legislation has not established any specific policy to provide the trade unions a greater power for negotiation.

The rules if youre not religious. Discuss Essay Example for Free

The rules if youre not religious. Discuss Essay In this democratic age we vote in those people (or party) who we want to rule our country and in turn create our laws. However this is a very old system, which some could argue takes its basis from the 10 Commandments from the Old Testament. If this is the case, in a growing atheistic state, why should you follow the rules if you are not religious, for which the 10 Commandments were designed for? In London, it is illegal to flag down a taxi if you have the plague. This law has an obvious provenance; during the Black Death, in order to prevent the spread of the disease. However nowadays, this previously appropriate law is out of date and obsolete. How can something created thousands of years ago still be relevant to modern life? A more secular set of laws would be more appropriate and representative to govern the people. The 10 Commandments are very inflexible; they don’t take into account the situation and are inexorable. For instance, there are some cases when you should lie i. e. for the greater good. However in this narrow and oppressive set of laws, this is never allowed, which is against our autonomy. The 10 Commandments do not mention any form of punishment, for religious people they wouldn’t need any deterrence, just the idea of serving God and going to Heaven. So in effect, the actual punishment for each of these crimes has been created by man, and therefore a crime which God thought was insignificant, could hold a serious punishment. There is also the need for a system to decide and enforce this system. This set of laws is designed for those who are religious, but with people who hold different views, they are going to disagree with them. You also need lots of laws to avoid loop-holes as these laws are very general. However, in spite of a large proportion of people are not religious, they will still hold similar ideals to those who are; good and bad, right and wrong. The Ten Commandments are a universal set of rules which show indisputable and clear criteria for right and wrong. Aside from laws, they cover morality as well: â€Å"Honour your father and your mother† and â€Å"You shall not covet you neighbour’s hut†. These views should be inherent in everybody as they lead to a good upbringing and moral understanding. We need rules as it is unrealistic to expect people to do the right thing. For example, to try and prevent speeding, speed cameras were introduced. But now people speed as they used to, but slow down just to pass the camera. Our system of laws has changed and diversified over many years. This means that even if these original Commandments were used to base new laws on, they will have changed and been tweaked over the years. Also any inherently good person (even if they’re not religious) would want to have religious ideals as they lead to a good and fulfilling life. In conclusion, it is necessary to follow the rules even if you’re not religious, for nowadays they are not as heavily based on religion, but still hold good, moral and relevant views.

The Black Panther Party Essay -- essays research papers fc

"There is nothing more dangerous than a large segment of people in society that feel that they have no place or stake in it, who feel they have nothing to lose. People who have stake in the society perpetuate that society, when they don't have it, they unconsciously want to destroy it." Unknown As a culture, we are told how to act, think, and speak among other things. We are taught to do what is considered "right" and if we choose not to, we are punished, ridiculed, and considered a menace to society. We are considered thuggish and belittled and put down for living in an alternative way. Don't get me wrong, there is some good in having a controlled society because it brings some order and stability within our society. However, the questions at hand are, could there be a way for those who do realize that we're being controlled to free themselves from the power and control that causes them to become oppressed? Could it be that we are bound and constrained and unable to have some type of agency in order to be free? If we can free ourselves, what type of agency is used? These questions are the basis for my paper. I plan to present examples of control and oppression through the film Panther that shows the struggle of the Black Panther Party of Self-Defense. The film takes place in the 1960's and it shows the struggles that the members had to go through in order to form some type of agency to free themselves from the control and oppression that the government had over their lives and their community. Huey Newton and Bobby Seale were two African-American men growing up in the ghetto of California where they saw and experienced racism and police brutality. There voices weren't heard when it came to their communities and it took three young children to die by car crashes, and a peaceful candlelight vigil that turned into a fight between a neighborhood and the police (In which the police covered up their badges so that no one could report them to the police department) for them to want to make... ...oes have a place in society because without it, there would be no stability within our society and everything would be chaotic and confusing. However, for those who don't want to be controlled, and do have a form of agency which they feel will free them really don't seem to be free anyway. It seems to me that no matter what you do, say, or learn you are always controlled. I thought that the fact that the Panther Party becoming knowledgeable would have worked very well but soon some laws were changed such as the one concerning being able to carry firearms as long as they were in clear view. After all they went through they still weren't free. Many of the Panthers were either killed while fighting for the cause or are now political prisoners. So, from my observation, the only agency available to free oneself from oppression is, to become knowledgeable and that only works to a certain extent. I guess there is no plain yes or no answer to my question about whether we can free ourselves from oppression. It's as if you think you've won when you really haven't. Works Cited Panther. Dir. Mario Van Peebles. Polygram Video. 1995.

Traditional Ways Or Not :: essays research papers

Traditional Ways Or Not From generation to generation plays have become a major part of our existence. For some families customs and traditions can either make or break a family. Some family traditions mean a lot. However breaking a family custom can start major uproars or even serious altercations between family members. For some families fights and altercations cam also bring them closer as a family. In the play " A Doll House " written by Henrik Isben, conflicts and customs play important roles for the survival of the Helmer family. For Nora Helmer growing up in the shadow of her husband Torvald and her father was Nora 's way of life. In the play " A Doll House " Nora is faced with a past mistake which leaves her in disbelief. Throughout the play Nora tries to hide the secret from her husband , but runs into a problem. Nils Krogstad who was fired from the bank by Torvald is going to blackmail Nora if she does not help him get his job at the bank back. " When your husband was ill, you came to me to borrow two hundred and fifty pounds." ( Isben, 22). Nora must tell her husband Torvald that she has taken money without his consent, which in those days was against the law. Nora is faced with a very serious matter which can end her marriage if Torvald finds out about the loan. At the end of the play Torvald finds out about the loan which ends the marriage and breaks up the family for good. This shows how important family customs and traditions mean to the Helmer family. To some people having a family means everything in the world. Nora on the other hand leaving her husband and children behind was easy to do. At the end of the play Nora Helmer leaves her family do to the fact that she does not love her Husband Torvald anymore. " No, I have never been happy. I thought I was, but it has never really been so. I must try to educate myself- you are not the man to help me in that. I must do that for myself. And that is why I am going to leave you now." ( Isben, 66). Nora feels that she has been treated unfairly and needs to move on. Torvald forgives Nora, but it is not enough to keep her around any longer.

Development Study

Development study is a branch in social sciences that explores issues relating developing countries. Historically it has focused on social and economic development therefore may extend its significance to other regions and communities apart from concentration on the developing world. There are various approaches that conceptualize development studies. Among them are the modernization and dependency theories. This paper focuses to explore their similarities and difference in their significance to development studies.Dependency theory is a social science approach that argues that the developed nation draws resources from underdeveloped nations making them richer at the expense of their counterparts. The proponent of this theory is Sandra Ball-Rokeach and Milvin Defleur (1976). Dependency theory initially was in the communication discipline but merged out integrating several prospects. It merges prospects from psychology from social category theory, from causal approaches, media effects and traditions as well as contextual philosophy.â€Å"in its urge to appropriate productive forces for the purpose of exploitation, capital ransacks the entire world, provides itself with the means of production from all corners of the earth, obtaining these from all levels of civilization and from all forms of society† (Perry 1996. p. 35) It sometimes referred to as underdevelopment theory based upon Marxist theory in other words, it assumes that wealth western nation uses their superior status to exploit peripheral weaker nations reflecting earlier colonial bonds. These under developed nations expose their economical and political structure maintaining their reliance on developed nations.They become developmentally enslaved mastered by the west. Some argument exist that tourism has evolved somehow reflecting economic dependency and colonialism. However, potential underdevelopment resulting from dependency is the main focus. (Bramswell 2004. p. 323) Modernization on the oth er hand argues that low economically empowered societies can develop if only they seize from their traditional methods and adapt to modern technologies, cultural values and economic institutions that puts an emphasis on productive investment and savings.The social institutions and traditional values of low income nations hinder their effectiveness in economy. Most of people in undeveloped society have low work ethics, they usually consume without thinking of investing in the future. Most of these societies have large families therefore saving money for investing is almost impossible. They therefore rag behind in their economic ability (Griffiths & Giddens 2006 p . 405) Modernization tends to criticize Marxist theory. It emphasizes the process of change and the reason to that change.Marquis de Condorcet is among the proponents of this theory. His argument was that, people's cultural values and morals in the society can be changed by economical and technological advancement. He encour aged technological advancement arguing that it helps society have control to the environment and adapt to it. He argued that technological advancement encourage social progress. (Soylent communications 2008) Modernization theory contrasts the dependency theory in a number of ways.In many parts of the world where it have ever been applied, it has failed to take into account historical and social factors influencing development. Such factors are like the traditional social structures, colonialism, and religious factors. Natural past outcomes have also not put into account and which may have affected a society; famine, floods, volcanic activities and other natural environmental conflicts. Many nations like the Middle East historical process influenced its development.It emphasis on modern values in development cannot be fully relied as the back born to development. The historical processes in politics, economic, cultural, educational of a society influence its development. Development theory argument that richer nations exploits less developed nations natural resources contrast the free market that advances poor states to full economic growth. The international market gives every nation an opportunity to realize it full economic growth.It is through this freedom that a society can take advantage to purchase modern values that can help it develop. A poorer state can purchase new technological advancement improving production in its industries which in return will improve it economy. However, dependency theory contrasts this situation arguing that it is exploitation. Dependency theory argument that colonialism of undeveloped nations still exist is a contrast to modernization. In the previous century, many undeveloped countries evoked from colonialism after realizing their independence.This independence was not granted to just political matters but also to the economy and social structures. Most of these nations have their natural resources still fully unexploited. Not because their former colonial master have not exploited these but because they lack modern facilities which would help them. This therefore is a contrast to modernization. The continued reliance on colonial masters should not be argued as a modern colonialism. It is evident that the colonialist had an influence politically, economically and socially to their colonies.Therefore, these nations will tend to consult their colonial masters as well as trade with them even in the modern world. Contrast between dependency theory and modernization exist in their views on international dimensions that influence economic development of a nation. These dimensions include tourism, trade, global investment and many others. Dependency argues that tourism, free trade and global investment are a reflection of the dependency that exists between the developed and undeveloped world. Most of the global investors are from the developed world.This is also in tourism. Dependency theory proponents argue s that this is a clean indication of how developed nations exploits the less developed for their growth. Modernization on the other hand views this kind of relation to enhance purchase and adoption of modern technologies. Trade exposes undeveloped countries acquire modern technology. In enhancing tourism, the undeveloped countries adopt new technology to maximize turn outs. Though global investors’ targets at making profits, they as well enhance modernity in less developed nations.Dependency theory puts into accounts exogenous and indigenous political processes which have a role in national continuity and formation. It puts into account changing circumstances like religious background of nation. However, modernization contrasts this as its main emphasis is on new technology influence on development. Its notion of class difference which challenges it universality contrast dependency theory. In addition, modernization ignores rural poverty, unemployment, inflation, economic and political dependency and the growing gap between the poor and the rich.This contrasts dependency theory. (Paidar 2005) Though these two theories contrast, their arguments are both very effective in development studies. Development in a society is a complex issue which primarily may depend on modernization and dependency theory as well as other concepts in the society. Whichever perspective one would take, development is about the nature of a society economic, political and social ability. However if modernization and dependency theories are merged, they would have a more efficient development studies description on a particular society.

The Cross and the Switchblade essays

The Cross and the Switchblade essays The book I am writing about is The Cross and the Switchblade written by The Reverend David Wilkerson. It is a true story about an inexperienced country preachers vision to help teenage boys who are in trouble. The story starts when the reverend reads an article in Life Magazine about seven teenage boys on trial for the brutal murder of teenage polio victim named Michael Farmer. The reverend cried over the article and pictures, and then he was overtaken by a call from God to go help those boys in New York. He has a hard time dealing with his calling but finally reveals it to his wife and then the church congregation. He reluctantly gets support from the church and takes the youth director with him. Together they traveled 350 miles from Pennsylvania to a New York court house to try to visit the boys on trial. They are kicked out of the court house by the police. This gains them respect by the gangs on the streets. Then for the next two years he makes weekly trips to New York. S lowly but surely he builds a good relationship with different street gangs. During those two years he gains support spiritually and financially from several different types of supporters. He builds a center in New York to save teenagers from drugs and crime. All lead through prayer. This story starts in 1958 and was last printed in 1967 but it does not end there. Today there are centers in several cities in probably every state; they are the Teen Challenge Centers. It is a Christian ministry that has restored hope to tens of thousands of teens. Reverend David Wilkerson described him self as others saw him, a Bible waving country preacher with his hair standing up on his head. He was a man of average height with a slender build and brown hair. The reverend is a helper to everyone he meets. He knows that he is a steward of God doing only what he has prayerfully considered and knows is God directed. He ha ...

Mice and Men Compare and Contrast Essays

Mice and Men Compare and Contrast Essays Mice and Men Compare and Contrast Paper Mice and Men Compare and Contrast Paper Many movies are derived from novels, and all of them have major differences from the book version. While there are many similarities in the movie and the book Of Mice and Men, there are many differences also. Some differences are presented through the characters, scenes, and the way the actors play their roles. Sense wanted to get the story done within a time limit, so It was less detailed than the book. In Steinbeck novel, character image plays a crucial role In the story. Slim was considered the prince of the ranch, and was Important to the ranch. He was looked p to by the other ranch-hands, and was always asked for his advice on subjects they needed help on. Curly wifes Isolation was her motivation for being a flirt, because she did not know any other way to be, or how to start talking to another man other than her husband. The mall difference Is that Gary Senses story starts out backwards and Is told through flashbacks. The setting In the novel Is only different In where the bunkhouse Is described. Crooks played an average sasss semi bondage Negro in the movie. The plot was largely differentiated in each media. The most important one, however, was in the end where George killed Leonie. The bunkhouse wasnt a very material area; it was just described through the light it contained. She was considered off limits to everyone, and was known as Curlers property. His character was displayed through his room rather than his actions and name like in the novel. The settings in the movie Of Mice and Men were almost identical to the settings that were described in the novel. The story was set in the united States near mountains and streams, ranch country. At the start of chapter 2 Steinbeck described the bunk house and in the movie it looks Just as he describes. The bunk house was a long rectangular building. Inside, the walls were whitewashed and the floor unpainted. In three walls there were small, square windows, and in the forth a solid door with a wooden latch. Against the wall were eight bunks, five of them made up with blackest and the other three showing their burlap ticking. Over each bunk there was a nailed an apple box with opening forward so that it made two shelves for the personal belongings of the occupant of the bunk Pig. 7 The interesting thing about the movie is the characters were always in the right setting when an event happened lust as described in the book. In the film when Leonie talks to Crooks the setting Is in Crooks room in the novel it is the same Crooks settled himself more comfortably on his bunk set down, he invited set down on the nail keg Pig. 70 In the film when George kills Hurlers wife it takes place In the barn while all the others are playing horseshoes outside in the novel It Is the same He pawed up the hay until It partly covered her . From outside the barn came a cry of men and the double clang of shoes on metal. Pig. 92. Not only are the characters In the right setting at the right time they are also well portrayed. In the movie version Of Mice and Men the characters are as I Imagined them In my head. Leonie was a character that was well portrayed. This Is the physical description of Leonie A huge man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes, with wide, sloping shoulders; and he walk heavily dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws. His arms did not swing at his side, but hung loosely pig. Leonie was also slow In ten nana; teeny menthol Tanat In ten story. Lend looked and acted the way I pictured him. Other characters were also portrayed very well, George, Lenses only friend is described as being small and quick, dark of face, with restless eyes and sharp, strong features. Every part of him was defined: small, small hands, slender arms, a thin and bony nose. Pig. 2 In the movie this physical description fits him well. All character descriptions fit the characters in the movie. The movie had many differences while still giving the same message that the book was portrayed to have. One of the major differences was that Candy never came into the room when Leonie and Crooks were talking to each other. This was major because Crooks never found out that the plan was true about the little house. In the book after he heard Candy talk about it he wanted to get in on the deal. Also the movie it never showed Leonie have his illusions of his Aunt Carla and the rabbits when he was waiting by the pond. The last major difference was that George never hesitated to shoot Leonie in the movie and in the book it was very hard for him. After George shot Leonie, Slim came to comfort George and take him out for a drink. The characters in the novel and the movie had many differences. In the book George was shown to hate Curler with a passion. In the movie George didnt seem to like Curler too much but he definitely didnt hate him like in the book. In the movie Curlers wife mimed to be attracted to Leonie and enjoyed his presence because he was nice. In the book she talked to him only because she was amused by Liens stupidity. Leonie was explained as a beast in the book and, his shoulders could fill the doorway. In the movie he was stronger and bigger than the others were but not to the extreme amount that the book portrayed him to be. Every other thing about Leonie was extremely as the book told it. * George and Leonie are shown sneaking into a train at night to escape from Weed. This was not mentioned in the book. * The bus is shown to be heading for Tyler Ranch which angers George as the bus driver old him and Leonie to get off the bus earlier on in the movie. * In the movie, Slim tells George to bring a mule with a sore foot to the barn.